When people stop using nicotine, they may experience withdrawal symptoms affecting their attention or memory. Therefore, any short-term benefits on cognitive function do not outweigh the long-term risks from nicotine use. However, long-term smoking of cigarettes may link to a decline in cognitive ability and an increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Nicotine may also temporarily improve concentration and memory. Long-term changes can lead to addiction and withdrawal symptoms when a person is not smoking. The release of dopamine reinforces a person’s behavior of taking nicotine.įrequent use of nicotine creates changes in the way the brain works in relation to self-control, stress, and learning. Nicotine also increases levels of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that is part of the brain’s reward system and creates feelings of pleasure and reward. This can create a cycle of people continuing to smoke to keep feeling the pleasurable sensations. Nicotine levels peak quickly after entering the body, so the feelings of reward are short-lived. The body quickly absorbs nicotine into the bloodstream so it can reach the brain. As nicotine enters the body, it causes a surge of endorphins, which are chemicals that help to relieve stress and pain and improve mood. Nicotine creates a temporary feeling of well-being and relaxation, and increases heart rate and the amount of oxygen the heart uses. People who smoke menthol cigarettes are more likely to continue using tobacco products, which increases the risk of them developing conditions relating to tobacco use. ![]() Menthol may increase the addictive effects that nicotine has on the brain. Tobacco companies add menthol to cigarettes to make them more palatable.Īccording to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), among people who smoke cigarettes, non-Hispanic Black or African American people are more likely to smoke menthol cigarettes compared to other races or ethnicities. Tobacco companies have also disproportionately marketed menthol products to Black people and low-income communities. The tobacco industry has a substantial history of using racial profiling, demographics of an area, and cultural factors to target particular communities and promote tobacco use. European colonists exported tobacco crops for profit and changed the focus of tobacco to recreational use. Native people of these areas originally used the leaves of tobacco plants to chew, smoke, or use in religious rituals. Tobacco plants originated in South America before spreading to North America, Africa, and Australia. ![]() Nicotine comes from the Nicotiana species, which are tobacco plants and part of the nightshade family. Share on Pinterest Pramote Polyamate/Getty Images
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